The Ten Tigers of Canton or Ten Tigers of Guangdong refers to a group of ten Chinese martial artists from Guangdong Province who lived around the 19th century during the Qing dynasty in China. They were said to be the best fighters in southern China at the time. Much of their existence has been embellished by folk legends and stories passed down from generation to generation.
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Ten Tigers' martial arts
The Ten Tigers of Canton traced their martial arts lineage to the Southern Shaolin Monastery in the Jiulian Mountains in Fujian Province. Southern Shaolin is a branch of the better known Shaolin Monastery on Mount Song in Henan Province. As such, the Ten Tigers' martial arts styles resemble those of Shaolin Kung Fu.
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Ten Tigers of Canton
Wong Yan-lam
Wong Yan-lam or Wang Yinlin (???; ???; Wáng Y?nlín; Wong4 Jan2-lam4), also romanised as Wong Yein-lam, was a student of the Tibetan monk Xinglong (??), a master of the "Lion's Roar" (???) style of martial arts. Wong mastered this style, which later split into the Hap Family Fist (???), Lama Style (???), and White Crane Fist (???).
Wong Ching-ho
Wong Ching-ho or Huang Chengke (???; ???; Huáng Chéngk?; Wong4 Cing4-ho2), also romanised as Wong Cheng-ho, was a student of Luk Ah-choi (???; Lu A'cai). He specialised in the Nine Dragons Fist (???).
So Hak-fu
So Hak-fu or Su Heihu (???; ???; S? H?ih?; Sou1 Hak1-fu2), also romanised as Sou Hark-fu, was a student of the Shaolin monk Zhaode. He was trained in the Southern Shaolin Style (???) but later created his own style, which is known as Black Tiger Style (???).
Wong Kei-ying
Wong Kei-ying or Huang Qiying (???; ???; Huáng Qíy?ng; Wong4 Kei4-jing1), also romanised as Wong Khei-yin, was a student of Luk Ah-choi (???; Lu A'cai). He is best known for his skill in Hung Ga (??). He was also the father of Wong Fei-hung, who was not one of the Ten Tigers.
Lai Yan-chiu
Lai Yan-chiu or Li Renchao (???; Lí Rénch?o; Lai4 Jan4-ciu1) was a practitioner of the Hakka Fist (???), which was also known as Southern Praying Mantis (???). He was also known for his skill in the Seven Stars Fist (???).
So Chan
So Chan or Su Can (??; ??; S? Càn; Sou1 Can3) was a Hung Ga (??) practitioner. He was famous for his skill in Drunken Fist (??) and Shaolin Staff (???). He is more commonly known by his nickname "So Hut-yee" or "Su Qi'er" (???; ???; S? Q?'er; Sou1 Hat1-ji4), which means "Beggar So". Like Wong Fei-hung, he is also regarded as a folk hero in Chinese popular culture and has been the subject of films such as King of Beggars (1992) and True Legend (2010). He also appeared as a supporting character in some movies about Wong Fei-hung, most notably Drunken Master (1978).
Leung Kwan
Leung Kwan or Liang Kun (??; Liáng K?n; Loeng4 Kwan1) was primarily trained in Hung Ga (??) but was also known for his skill in the Iron Wire Fist (???). He is more commonly known by his nickname "Iron Bridge Three" (???; ???; Ti? Qiáo S?n; Tit3 Kiu4 Saam1).
Chan Cheung-tai
Chan Cheung-tai or Chen Changtai (???; ???; Chén Chángtài; Can4 Coeng4-taai3) specialised in the martial art Iron Finger (??). He was nicknamed "Iron Finger Chan" (???; ???; Ti? Zh? Chén; Tit3 Zi2 Can2).
Tam Chai-kwan
Tam Chai-kwan or Tan Jijun (???; ???; Tán Jìj?n; Taam4 Zai3-gwan1) was a practitioner of the Huadu style of Hung Ga (??) and Tam Ga (??). He was nicknamed "Three Legs Tam" (???; ???; S?n Ji?o Tán; Saam1 Goek3 Taam4) for the three types of kicks he used.
Chau Tai
Chau Tai or Zhou Tai (??; Zh?u Tài; Zau1 Taai3), also romanised as Jau Taai and Chow Thye, was known for his "soft-hand" techniques and his mastery of the long staff. He created the martial art Zhou Family Bagua Staff (?????), who has been passed down for generations in his family. He was also a master of Choy Li Fut (???), which he integrated into his other martial arts styles. His descendants, Hung Chau (great grandson) and Michael Chau (great-great grandson), reside in San Francisco, California, United States.
Cultural references
Film
The Ten Tigers appeared in the 1979 Hong Kong film Ten Tigers from Kwangtung produced by the Shaw Brothers Studio. It featured a star-studded cast of Shaw Studio actors, including the Venom Mob, Ti Lung and Alexander Fu.
Apart from appearances in Chinese films, the Ten Tigers were also featured in the 2004 film Around the World in 80 Days, with Sammo Hung making a special appearance as Wong Fei-hung. Wong and the Ten Tigers assisted the protagonists in fighting the aggressive Black Scorpion gang.
The Ten Tigers were also featured in the 2006 underground cult film Mad Cowgirl.
Television
In 1999, Hong Kong's ATV produced a 40-episodes TV drama series titled Ten Tigers of Guangdong (???????).
Literature
In The Eleventh Tiger, a BBC Books original novel by David A. McIntee, the Ten Tigers are featured, with Wong Kei-ying and Wong Fei-hung as major characters in the story.
Music
The electronic music artist Bonobo has a track called "Ten Tigers" on his 2013 album The North Borders.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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